Module 5. Theories and Principles in the Use and Design of Technology

  Blog by: Rochelyn Rose Ybañez

Lesson 1:

Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience

          Experience is a direct observation of or participation in events as a basis of knowledge

Edgar Dale

“The cone is a visual analogy, and like all analogies, it does not bear an exact and detailed relationship to the complex elements it represents ”

                          THE CONE OF EXPERIENCE

1. Direct Purposeful Experiences

         are basically what the students can learn by doing it. This way of teaching is known to be the most effective way of teaching the students because experiences are the best teacher.

2. Contrived Experiences

         are substitutes of real things when it is not feasible to bring the real thing to bring the real thing to the class. These include models, mock ups, specimens, objects, simulations and games.

3. Dramatized Experiences

        an activities that allows students to actively participate in a reconstructed experience through role playing or dramatization.

4. Demonstrations

                 involves showing by reason or proof, explaining or making clear by use of examples or experiments. Put more simply, demonstration means 'to clearly show'.

5. Study Trips 

                 Educational trips that form a part of the school curriculum are very valuable as they provide the students the opportunity of learning through travel, especially to places that they may not otherwise get to visit. Apart from this, the trips also provide relief from the drudgery that academic study sometimes becomes, an opportunity for close interaction with peers that students enjoy so much, and a chance for the teacher to observe and interact with the student in a structure different from and more informal than the classroom.

6. Exhibits

         these are displays of models such as pictures, artifacts, posters among others that provide the information.

7. Television & Motion Pictures

      allow learners to experience the situation being communicated through the mediated tools.

8. Still Pictures, Recording, Radio

   The audio – recorded materials or information broadcast through the radio.

9. Visual Symbols 

      are representations of direct reality, which comes in the form of signs and symbols. The following is a detailed discussion on the different kinds of visual symbols, which are drawings, sketches, cartoons, comics or strip drawing, diagrams, charts and graphs, maps, and posters.

10. Verbal Symbols

            are only symbolic representations, but they still can be quite powerful and flexible. As we use language, we are both expressing our thoughts and creating our thoughts, even deciding what is worth thinking about. object (book) an idea (freedom of speech).

References

https://educationaltechnologyforus.weebly.com/direct-purposeful-experiences.html#targetText=Direct%20Purposeful%20Experiences,as%20the%20foundation%20of%20learning.

https://educationaltechnologyforus.weebly.com/teaching-with-contrived-experiences.html#targetText=Contrived%20Experiences%20are%20substitutes%20of,%2C%20objects%2C%20simulations%20and%20games.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_(teaching)

http://www.journal.kfionline.org/issue-7/the-role-of-study-trips-in-education

http://hcdc-eductech.blogspot.com/2011/09/visual-symbols.html#targetText=Visual%20symbols%20are%20representations%20of,graphs%2C%20maps%2C%20and%20posters.